"By" 和 "beside" 都表示“旁边”的意思,但在用法上有一些区别。
"By" 表示在某人或某物的旁边,强调的是位置上的靠近或接触。例如:- The cat is sitting by the window.(猫咪正坐在窗户边上。)- The boy was standing by the door.(男孩站在门边。)- The restaurant is by the river.(餐厅在河边。)"Beside" 也表示在某人或某物的旁边,但强调的是相对位置上的不同,即相邻而并不紧贴。例如:- She sat beside me in the car.(她坐在我旁边的车座上。)- There is a tree beside the house.(房子旁边有一棵树。)- The park is beside the school.(公园在学校旁边。)另外,"beside" 还可用于表示“除了,不考虑”等意思,例如:- Beside English, he also speaks French and German.(除了英语,他还会说法语和德语。)- I have no other choice beside(s) to quit.(我别无选择,只能辞职。)总的来说,"by" 更强调靠近和接触,"beside" 则更强调相邻和不相重叠。但在某些情况下,它们的用法也可以互换。